Stereoscope.



PATENTED MAY 24, 1904.

L. A. DOLPH.

STEREOSGOPE.

APPLIUATION FILED JAN. 12, 1904.

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L. A. DOLPH.

STEREOSGOPE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1004.

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UNITED STATES Patented May 24, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

LUTHER A. DOLPH, OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO B. L. SINGLEY,OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEREOSCOPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 760,433, dated May 24,1904. Application filed January 12, 1904:- Serial No. 188,778- (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LUTHER A. DoLPI-I, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Meadville, Crawford county, Pennsyl- Vania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stereoseopes, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates generally to stereoscopes, and in what particularswill appear as the specification proceeds.

A great disadvantage in using stereoscopes as heretofore constructed hasbeen the ready access of rays of light to the front of the lenses,making the picture to be viewed less I 5 distinct than it wouldotherwise be and, indeed, often producing pronounced halation. It is amatter of common observation that objects appear more distinct whenbeheld away from the light instead of against the light. I do not knowof any attempt hitherto to exclude these rays of light from the front ofthe stereoseope by the use of what I have termed herein a dark chamber.The methods of uniting the ends of the hood of the stereo- 2 5 scopehave so far been unsatisfactory-that is, there seems to be no methodwhich is cheap which unites the ends securely, yet allows them to bereadily disengaged. The presence of an under shaft-plate to support theshaft is another disadvantage in stereoscopes, inasmuch as it adds tothe weight and to the cost of construction.

The object of my invention, therefore, is to overcome thesedisadvantages in the construction and use of stereoscopes as at presentmade. The accompanying drawings disclose the various novel features inpreferred forms, although changes may of course be made within the scopeof the claims. 5 4 In the drawings similar characters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in the several views.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the hood and lens-frame of astereoscope, showing my invention. Fig. 2 is a View in section taken onthe line 1 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is another View in section taken on theline w w of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the lensframe, showingone lens secured 1n positlon, the other placed in its pocket. Fig. 5 isa front eleva- 5 tion showing my invention as applied to a stereoscopehaving a metal lens-frame. Fig.

6 shows a section of Fig. 5, taken on line 10/11, and also showing a topplan view of the shaft and shaft-plate, parts being broken away. Fig. 7is a rear elevation showing in detail my method of securing the lensesin position. Fig. 8 is a detail view in cross-section taken on line .2 eof Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is a detail view, also in cross-section, taken on lineh it of Fig. 5 and showing the shaft in position.

The hood is here shown in conventional form, in one piece, with its rearedge conforming to the outlines of the face and its forward edge joinedto the lens-frame by a seam, giving a bead-like appearance around theperiphery of the lens-frame. Its ends are secured in position in a novelway hereinafter described. The lens-frame is provided with customaryopenings for the lenses, and through 7 them projects a member forming adark chamber in front of the lens-frame and lenses. The shaft passesunder a shaftplate, and its end rests in a let-down flanged portion ofthe lens-frame later more specifically described.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 the lens-frame is shown of wood, in theremaining figures of metahpreferably aluminium. The other parts of thestereoscope, except the shaft, are all preferably of aluminium, althoughI pause here to remark that I do not wish to be understood as limitingmyself to-any particular material.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a hood of conventional form and in asingle piece; 2, a 5 lens-frame; 3, lenses; 4, a shaft-plate, and 5 ashaft. The hood is joined at its forward edge to the lens-frame and forthat purpose is provided with a grooved and flanged portion 6, adaptedto receive the edge of the lensframe, which in Fig. 6 is shown slightlybent back at 7 to form a seam. Near the ends of the hood are formedportions 8, which project forwardly and which serve to secure the endsin proper position in the manner to be later described.

The lens-frame is provided with openings (here shown circular in form)for the lenses,

. sition.

which are positioned in suitable recesses or pockets 9, beveled toconform to the angle of the lenses. If a wooden lens-frame is used,these lenses are held in position by a mat 10, conforming to the shapeof the pocket and of slightly greater diameter, so that it fits snuglytherein. If a metal lens-frame be used, this mat is bent or flanged at11 to fit over the pocket and is secured by spurs 12, struck up from theedges of the pocket and passing through slots or holes 14 in the mat.then bent over, thereby binding the mat to the pocket. In the metallens-frame the mat and the spurs of the pocket prevent lateral movement,and the lens rests upon a flange 15, bent over the inner face of thepocket through the openings in the lens-frame, and extending forwardthereof projects a member 16, preferably of aluminium, being circular ina cross-section taken at the opening of the lens-frame, butsubstantially rectangular in cross-section at its outer end. This memberforms a dark chamber in front of the lenses. The sharp angles areavoided by rounding the corners, and the upper edge is slightly curvedto conform to the contourofthe stereoscopic views. It will be seen thatthe diameter of the rectangular form is less than that of the opening ofthe lens-frame, while the diagonal is greater. The edge of this memberis shown beaded at 17, and the change from circular to rectangular formis elfected graduallyand in a manner adapted to enhance the attractiveappearance of the front of the stereoscope.

The member is provided with a suitable shoulder 18 or flange 19, whichholds it in po- In the metal lens-frame the shoulder and flange form anS, and the flange fits over the inner face of the lens-pocket. In thewooden lens-frame, however, the member is flanged, but parts arecontinued inwardly in a spurred form, 2 at 20, thereby serving toprevent lateral movement of the lenses.

The shaft-plate 4E may be a separate plate attached to the lens-frame insome suitable manner, or it may be formod integral with the lensframe.In the drawings I have shown a portion 21 of the lens-frame cut out andlet down at a point opposite the end of the shaft. This letdown portionis flanged forwardly at 22 to form a seat for the inner end of theshaft, thereby doing away with the necessity of an under shaft-plate.Apertures or holes 23 are punched in the vertical face of this let-downportion of the lens-frame, and through these are inserted the projectingportions 8 of the hood before mentioned. When the hood is ready to besecured in place, it is wrapped around the periphery of the lens-frame,(the ends overlapping or not, as desired.) The projecting portions areinserted through the holes in the let-down portion of the lens-frame andthen bent over. The hood is now firmly but removably secured, and theend of the shaft can These spurs are then be rested on the seat 22, asalready indicated. a V

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a stereoscope,a hood, lenses, a lensframe provided with openings for the lenses,pockets adapted to receive the lenses, a mat engaging with the rearfaces of the lenses adapted to hold them in position, a memberprojecting through said openings about the edges thereof, and adapted toform a dark chamber in front of the lenses, and to hold the lensesagainst lateral displacement, said member being provided with shouldersadapted to fit against the lens-frame and to hold said member inposition.

2. In a stereoscope, a hood, lenses, a lensframe, provided with openingsfor the lenses, pockets adapted to receive the lenses, a mat engagingwith the rear faces of the lenses adapted to hold them in position, amember projecting through said openings about the edges thereof, andadapted to form a dark chamber in front of the lenses, and to hold thelenses against lateral displacement.

3. In a stereoscope, a hood, lenses, a lensframe provided with openingsfor the lenses, pockets in said lens-frame adapted to receive thelenses, spurs formed from said pockets and adapted to keep the lensesfixed against lateral movement, a mat provided with a plurality of holesadapted to receive said spurs, said mat being adapted'to hold the lensesin position and said spurs being adapted to se' cure the mat, a memberprojecting through the openings about the edges thereof and forward ofthe lens-frame adapted to form a dark chamber in front of the lenses,said member being provided with shoulders adapted to fit against thelens-frame and to hold said member in position.

i. In a stereoscope, a hood, lenses, a lensframe provided with openingsfor the lenses, pockets in said lens-frame adapted to receive thelenses, spurs formed from said pockets and adapted to keep the lensesfixed against lateral movement, a flanged mat, provided with a pluralityof holes adapted to receive said spurs, said mat being adapted to fitover said pockets and to hold the lenses in position and said spursbeing adapted to secure the mat, a member projecting through theopenings about the edges thereof and forward of the lens-frame adaptedto form a dark chamber in front of the lenses, said member beingprovided with shoulders adapted to fit against the lens-frame and tohold said members in position. I

5. In a stereoscope of the character described, means for securing thelenses comprising: a lens-frame having openings for the lenses, aportion of said lens-frame forming a pocket adapted to receive thelenses, a mat adapted to fit over the lenses and lens-pocket,

and means adapted to secure the mat in posi tion.

6. In a stereoscope of the character de scribed, means for securing thelenses comprising: a lens-frame having openings for the lenses, aflanged back portion surrounding the lens-openings and forming a pocketadapted to receive the lenses, spurs projecting inwardly from the edgesof said pocket, a mat flanged to fit over the lenses and the lenspoeketand provided with a plurality of holes for receiving the said spurs, thespurs being adapted to bend over the edge of said mat to hold it inposition and to keep the lenses fixed against lateral movement.

7. In a stereoscope of the character described, means forming a darkchamber in front of the lenses, comprised of a lens-frame havingcircular openings for the lenses, and a member adapted to fit into theopenings and provided with shoulders adapted to fit against thelens-frame to hold the member in position, said member being circular incross-section at the lens-frame and substantially rectangular incross-section at its outer end.

8. In a stereoscope of the character de scribed, means forming a darkchamber in front of the lenses, comprised of a lens-frame havingcircular openings for the lenses, and a member projecting outwardly fromthe lensframe, said member being circular in crosssection at thelens-frame, and substantially rectangular in cross-section at its outerend.

9. In a stereoscope, a hood, a shaft, a lensframe having a horizontalintegral portion forming a shaft-plate, and a let-down flanged portionadapted to form a seat for the end of said shaft.

10. In a stereoscope, means for securing the ends of the hood,comprising: a hood having portions projecting forwardly near its endsand a lens-frame having a let-down portion provided with apertures toreceive the projecting portions of the hood, said projecting portionsbeing adapted to be bent over to secure the ends of the hood in properposition.

11. In a stereoscope, a shaft-plate, a shaft, a hood having portionsprojecting forwardly near its ends, and a lens-frame having a letdownflanged portion, adapted to form a seat for the end of said shaft andprovided with apertures to receive the projecting portions of the hood,said projecting portions being adapted to be bent over to secure theends of the hood in proper position.

12. In a stereoscope, ashaft, a hood having portions projectingforwardly near its ends and a lens-frame having a horizontal integralportion forming a shaft-plate and a let-down flanged portion adapted toform a seat for the end of said shaft and provided with apertures toreceive the projecting portions of the hood, said projecting portionsbeing adapted to be bent over to secure the ends of the hood in properposition.

Signed at Meadville, Pennsylvania, this 5th day of January, 1904.

LUTHER A. DOLPH.

Witnesses:

T. 1*. CHARLTON, C. L. PAPPENHAGEN.

